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Saturday, September 24, 2022

The next level of Information Processing - TESLA DOJO AI - Supercomputer

Tesla presented their newest technological addition: the DOJO AI - Supercomputer. This is incredibly advanced technology, achieved only via scalability of more or less existing technologies. 

Read this article for full description of the DOJO novel characteristics (https://www.nextplatform.com/2022/08/23/inside-teslas-innovative-and-homegrown-dojo-ai-supercomputer/)

or watch the video for more details:

 



Thursday, September 15, 2022

The Application of the Second Law of Information Dynamics to Software and Bioinformatics

Here is a link to a post:

The Application of the Second Law of Information Dynamics to Software and Bioinformatics

That covers Dr. Melvin Vopson's new second law of infodynamics as it relates to software and bioinformatics. It also contains a great deal of background information on the history of the thermodynamic view of entropy and information and Claude Shannon's Information Theory view of entropy and Information and how the new second law of infodynamics reconciles the two.

To see all posts on softwarephysics in reverse order go to:
https://softwarephysics.blogspot.com/

Regards,
Steve Johnston

How Much Does Your Software Weigh? - the Equivalence of Mass, Energy and Information

Here is a link to a post:

How Much Does Your Software Weigh? - the Equivalence of Mass, Energy and Information

That covers the derivation of Dr. Melvin Vopson's mass-energy-information equivalence principle and is used to calculate the mass of software. It also covers his hypothesis that dark matter might simply be the mass of the Information stored by the Universe.

To see all posts on softwarephysics in reverse order go to:
https://softwarephysics.blogspot.com/

Regards,
Steve Johnston

Wednesday, September 14, 2022

Mariusz Stanowski - Binary Model of Universe

I would like to present the "Binary Model of Universe", which is described in the book: "Theory and Practice of Contrast: Integrating Science, Art and Philosophy" (Chapter 20). It is an alternative model to physical models of the universe such as the Big Bang Theory, String Theory or Multiverse Theory. Closer to it are concepts related to information processing, such as the universe as a computer or computer simulation.

What distinguishes the Binary Model is that it combines mental issues (their deep analysis) and physical issues and considers them to a similar degree, while existing models are based unilaterally on the physical realm of reality, external to the mind. The second distinguishing feature is its simplicity. Not only is it a simpler model than existing ones, but it is also the simplest theoretically possible one, which contains all the information necessary for understanding it, including consideration of every level of complexity of the universe.

It was created about 40 years ago, as a by-product of aesthetic inquiry, while trying to solve the mystery of beauty. When I found a solution and considered it satisfactory, I looked for a concise and general form to demonstrate it. I decided to test the binary model, that is, the simplest one possible. Although it seemed unlikely, it turned out that binary structures can be evaluated aesthetically, just like sound or visual structures, and it involves counting their features (information). These features-information in a binary structure are all distinguishable regularities (distinguishable arrangements of zeros and ones). When comparing different structures with the same number of zeros and ones, those of them that contain more regularities/information are also more aesthetically appealing (for details, see Binary Model of Visual Interactions, page 16). From this model directly follows the general (abstract) definition of complexity, which defines the complexity of a binary structure as the number of information "N" squared, divided by the number of zeros and ones "n", i.e. N²/n (for details, see Abstract Complexity Definition, page 22). This is a new general definition of complexity, which is the only one among the existing ones that meets the intuitive criterion saying that "the complexity of an object is greater the more elements it has and the more connections there are between them."

At that time I did not yet know that binary structures can simulate any objects and processes of reality, this information I acquired later, after studying Bertalanffy's "General System Theory." and the so-called Digital Physics. However, I supposed that since the visual world (its interactions) can be modeled binary then perhaps all other structures of reality can be modeled as well, given that binary structures belong to both the physical realm (they can be visually evaluated) and the mental (abstract) world.
>> The binary structures used for simulation are binary waves (digital signals) with the appropriate energy and complexity. Since they simulate material objects and have energy, the question arises whether similar waves (but with much higher energy) could not be identified with material objects? Here de Broglie's theory comes with help, which says that all objects of reality are also waves.

Thus, we have strong scientific arguments for the fact that reality is formed by binary structures of varying complexity: 1. the binary model of visual interactions and the possibility of binary simulation of all objects and processes of reality, 2. the Abstract Definition of Complexity and 3. de Broglie's theory. . On the basis of these we can also look for experimental confirmation (the experiment is described on p.185). Such confirmation would have far-reaching implications, including the possibility of designing and creating material objects using appropriate algorithms and structures of electromagnetic pulses.

Further considerations concern the genesis and mode of existence of binary structures (p.183). They show that the universe is an infinite and ever-increasing binary number formed by the fundamental (smallest) quanta of energy and the gaps between them (zeros). In this infinite number-binary structure are present all possible combinations of zeros and ones (and therefore all possible complexities) representing all objects of reality, including us. As the number grows, it reorganizes itself cyclically and its complexity (in different fragments) increases or disappears. This hypothesis is based on the observation that any binary number with a certain number of zeros and ones (e.g., n = 8), at the beginning (the smallest number) has a one and zeros alone (10000000), then growing exhausts all combinations of zeros and ones (10000011....10010110...) until it reaches the largest number consisting of only ones (11111111). The next numbers will already have one digit more (n = 9). Thus, we can see that during growth, the binary number is constantly reorganizing and such reorganization (growth and disappearance of complexity) is also observed in reality.

As for the genesis of the existence of zero and one, that is, the existence of something and nothing, the answer is astonishingly simple: there must be both because we would not be able to distinguish either of them separately. In general, our reality is so constructed that we cannot isolate anything without juxtaposing it with something else. This is the basic principle (of contrast) on which our reality is based, which is also our (objective) limitation beyond which neither now nor in the future will we be able to mentally go. The realization of this limitation closes further possibilities of explanation and should be regarded as the solution to the riddle of being. It is also the answer to Leibniz's well-known question: "is there something rather than nothing?" (which has not been answered to this day). The necessity of the existence of both zero and one is also the possibility of the existence of the universe as their structure.

The above model because it is theoretically the simplest possible, also sets the limits of our understanding of the universe. Further search for reasons (even simpler and more basic) for the existence of the universe makes no sense, because nothing simpler (in our reality) exists.

The link to the site of the book is here:
https://www.routledge.com/Theory-and-Practice-of-Contrast-Integrating-Science-Art-and-Philosophy/Stanowski/p/book/9780367770020


  Post created on behalf of Mariusz Stanowski.

Tuesday, September 13, 2022

Is Information the foundation of the Universe?

Regarding the discussion of the essence of consciousness, the model of the human information system or the model of sensori motor activity presented in the work [DOI: 10.12731/2218-7405-2013-8-20] may be of interest. This model shows the relationship of different levels of consciousness with each other
and with the physical body. However, consciousness as an information system or information process seems to be just a special case of information in general.
The main problem that the Information Physics Institute is aimed at solving is the study of the relationship between matter and information that exists without any carrier. In systems theory, this ratio is considered as the ratio of material and conceptual systems. In [DOI:10.3103/S0005105520020077 and https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=46346742], using the system-object approach, it is substantiated that the real world (the Universum, the Universe) is an object-oriented system whose classes are systems-classes (external or conceptual systems) defining properties of
objects, and objects are systems-phenomena (internal or material systems) carrying out real interactions.

 Posted on behalf of Matorin Sergey.


Biological laws

Hello, I'm Jose Carlos Perales Quiroga. I'd like to share a project I've been working on. Its about laws of biology or biological laws. They are regularities that are very common among different fields of study and are unique to biology as a discipline, different of those of physics and chemestry, but dependent of them. 

  

Here is the link to a presentation with more details.




Monday, September 5, 2022

Physicist Claims To Have Solved the Mystery of Consciousness

According a new theory, the brain doesn’t create our conscious experience, at least not through computations. The reason that we have conscious experience is because of the process of physical measurement. In a nutshell, different physical measurements in different frames of reference manifest different physical properties in these frames of reference, although these frames measure the same phenomenon. 
Image credit pixabay.com

Read more here:
 
Article Reference: “A Relativistic Theory of Consciousness” by Nir Lahav and Zachariah A. Neemeh, 12 May 2022, Frontiers in Psychology.
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.704270

Saturday, September 3, 2022

Fundamental Cosmology and Physics Beyond the Standard Model

This is an outrageous hypothetical exploration of what is possible when you expand on some of the principles of physics, for the purpose of explaining some of the biggest questions left in physics. The paper expands on the work of Plato, Newton, Einstein and many others to establish a two-part Universe, with one part quantum computational. Thermodynamics is revised accordingly. Information takes it rightful place, where many theoretical models leave it out, as the most critical foundation for cosmology. In the modeling process, a simple pathway to a different and deeper understanding of the problems we have in physics is revealed.

The singularity is defined as a transition and a pivot. Dark matter and energy are hypothesized as antimatter held in a separate frame of reference and as a superfluid of negative mass. The real observations are discussed and explained as the hypothesis is applied, including accelerated expansion due to transition. Uncertainty and entanglement are illuminated with the properties of information.

Read full document here. 

Post created and document uploaded on behalf of John G. Nicholson.

Friday, September 2, 2022

Could a mathematical application of information theory identify and predict SARS-CoV-2 mutations?

An interesting new study by researchers at the University of Portsmouth, UK, describes the use of a mathematical method to sequence genomes based on information theory. The method offers an alternative to clinical techniques, allowing mutations to be detected and possibly even predicted. In this way, it opens new research opportunities in bioinformatics and genetics.

The new paper uses information theory to devise a novel method whereby mutations can be both traced and predicted in genomic sequences. This is far from being the first attempt to do this, for DNA sequences have been analyzed through methods built on information theory from the ‘70s onwards.

The approach used in this study centers around information entropy (IE) spectra (see the enclosed figure), which are created from genomic sequences, and the examination of their mutation dynamics. Importantly, this approach is relevant for any sequence of any genome of any size.

The researchers used a program called GENIES (GENetic Entropy Information Spectrum), custom-built for this project and now available for free to other scientists.

Read full story here.

Read the article here.

Warthian Chronicles Lore Dump!

A bit of backstory/lore for the series I am working on. :) (Google Doc link didn't work, so I am just... putting it here.)
-------------------

From Whence It Began

In the beginning, there was nothing. No ideas. No thoughts. Just a massive space filled with a complete void of dark, black nothingness. So it was almost a miracle, then, when the first thought emerged suddenly from the voids womb. It was a simple thought. A simple belief and constant that in the absence of anything else at all was powerful enough to change everything. And what was that thought?

“Everything must change.”

And so it did, as that thought grew and grew into the first Sentiverse – the first Sentient Universe – and as it was born, so too began the Everchange.

The Everchange

Many things have been lost in time throughout the cycle of multiverses known as the Everchange. It's origins, for one – who knows if even the potential truths told earlier are even true? - as well as how long it has been going on for. Who knows why or even if it's called the Everchange. But some things are clear. One, from one Sentiverse many others will come into being. The why's and how's of this process differ from cycle to cycle – cycles often referred to as Chronicles for some lost reason – but none know of the existence of the Everchange and all think that they are the first Sentiverses to have existed. That is... until the end of their multiverse. Because there is always an end, no matter how long it takes – years, centuries, eons, the length always varies. Sentiverses live and die, come and go. And there is always one Sentiverse left in the end, at which point – somehow, someway, it's always different – the existence of the Everchange is made clear, and they are tasked with starting the next multiverse Chronicle and setting it up in whatever way they see fit before they, too, pass on. And it is only in that moment that every other constant of the Everchange is made clear to that final Sentiverse: Every cycle and every Chronicle will be different. Every group of Sentiverses may work differently, but the power of story must always be preserved. It is never made clear why, though those final Sentiverses always assume that their duty is to make sure the stories of the next cycle should be better than the ones before. And thus it went on, countless cycle after cycle, Chronicle after Chronicle, it never being clear exactly how long things had been going on for.

The Purvayus Chronicles Eons came and went before the cycle known as the Purvayus Chronicles came. It was named after the Sentiverse Purvay, who themselves had come into existence halfway through the previous cycle – the Bavore Chronicles – and quickly became unhappy. Through no fault of Purvays own, things in their cycle were rote, boring, and unexciting. Had Purvay known and been able to meet Bavor – the Sentiverse that had put things into motion for their cycle – Purvay would have denounced them completely and lambasted them endlessly as a terrible storyteller. Possibly even the worst and most boring and unimaginative to have ever existed. It was through sheer force of will, even – and perhaps even spite – that Purvay managed to survive until the end of the cycle, and when the opportunity came to set up their own Chronicle, Purvay jumped at the chance to show the long deceased Bavor how it should be done.

Purvay's first step – according to the instructions that had suddenly appeared to them upon the death of the second last Sentiverse of the cycle who probably barely deserves a mention here – was to first set up a new habitat and location for the Sentiverses to reside and live in. Location didn't seem all that important to Purvay, so they kept it simple. They build a vast landscape and split it into a myriad of exciting biomes, organized like a pizza with a brand new biome flavor for every slice. That done, they then moved on to the next step, which was to create the first Sentiverse for their cycle. This too didn't take too much time, as Purvay had already been thinking long and hard about how to improve upon their predecessors cycle, where they couldn't do much but tell stories and that was it. And where was the excitement in that? So Purvay made it so the Sentiverses of their cycle – which they had dubbed the Purvayus Chronicles – could shift their bodies at a whim to create anything they wanted. Amorphous blobs that could change their shape to become locations, characters, literally anything at all. The why's and how's of this ability have been lost to time – and are unimportant now, anyways – but Purvay had hoped that the Sentiverses they created would use this ability to connect with other Sentiverses, converse with them, and tell stories.

The next thing according to the instructions was to create an inciting event to lead to the creation of other Sentiverses. Purvay found this a little bit more difficult, though after a bit of rumination they were leaning towards letting it be something more natural and letting the lone first Sentiverse just figure it out on their own. But, then again, thought the impulsive Purvay, why wait? Purvay created nine thousand nine hundred and ninety nine more Sentiverses not unlike the first, put them into the habitat environment alongside the first Sentiverse and then moved on. Third step, set up instructions for the final Sentiverse of their cycle – easy and done. It was the final step – to step back and die and let things be – that had given Purvay pause and appalled them. Step back and die, after all this work? That is probably what Bavor did and look how things ended up for their cycle. Looking at their set up, Purvay though, oh, no. No, no, no, no, no. This wouldn't do. They couldn't let their cycle be as boring as the last one, and they knew just what to do. They wrote a note and left it somewhere easy for the Sentiverses to find. It read as such:

“To whomever reads this and whomever it may concern,

By the time you read this I will be definitively dead and unable to assist you or answer any questions, but hey! Congratulations! You are part of the ninety-nineth cycle of a series of multi-verses known as the Everchange. Your duty is to tell the best stories you can, store up as much story energy as you can, and survive until the end of the cycle. Whoever makes it to the end will be rewarded extremely well, but unfortunately only one can do so. I promise you, however, that the reward will be worth it. Good luck, fight well, and try not to die!

Sincerely, your concerned creator,

Purvay Yoss.”

With that note completed and both it and the prize now set up, Purvay started the cycle and stuck around, watching long enough to be satisfied their cycle would be more exciting than the last cycle before passing on in peace. It was, to be blunt, a blood bath, and one that made it one of the shortest cycles in the Everchange – though even then it lasted several dozen eons. Following a bit of confusion about the note and the situation they were in, the ten thousand Sentiverses of the Purvayus Chronicles quickly realized it was every Sentiverse for themselves as they squirreled away to their own corners of existence to scheme and plan how they were going to win the prize. They just needed to kill nine thousand, nine hundred, and ninety nine other Sentiverses. How hard could that be, really? Some formed alliances. Some hustled and trained their metaphorical asses off. Some started telling killer stories immediately and tried to keep it secret but were found and killed themselves because where was the honor in that? There had to be some officiality to this, after all. Oddly enough, however, it was the unlikeliest of the Sentiverses that was the last one left. And that Sentiverse's name was Warth.

Warth was not the bravest of Sentiverses: they definitely weren't a leader and they tended to stick to the edges of any fights they were in so they could run away easily if need be or hide until it was safe to come out while lingering to take notes about the deceased. Warth was also not the smartest of the Sentiverses. They weren't dumb, necessarily, but their tactics and decisions at times left other Sentiveres confused and befuddled. But what Warth lacked in intelligence and strength, they made up for in charisma, creativity, and heart. Their skill at telling stories was rivalled only by their ability to talk their way out of any situation, or crack a joke or improvise an argument and befriend another Sentiverse. It was this combination that had allowed Warth to survive as long as it did, bouncing from alliance to alliance and plan to plan as the years passed. Some would call Warth opportunistic, but they just saw it as always needing to do what needed to be done to survive. And it wasn't that they didn't care about other Sentiverses. Warth was extremely empathetic and felt the death of every Sentiverse they witnessed to their core, something that wore on them more and more as the cycle went on and used those feelings to fuel their need to survive.

The other important thing to know about Warth was that as good as they were at storytelling, most other Sentiverses would have described their methods as extremely slow. Warth themselves, though, would just say they were taking their time to avoid making mistakes. After all, their favourite story in all of existence – the tale of the Tortoise and the Hare, which no Sentiverse of the cycle is sure who wrote – was all about taking ones time, not rushing things, and always eventually getting where you were meant to go. Their favourite creature in all of existence – the Turtle, which again was a thing that came out of nowhere for the Sentiverses of the cycle – survived by taking their time as well, always knowing where they were going and taking their time to get there. So Warth was never insulted when someone called them slow or said they were taking too much time as their whole life existence was modelled after the turtle, and when it came to surviving, really, the best offence was a good defence.

In the end, it came down to Warth and two other Sentiverses. One – Ryjert Chones – was steadfast, honest, strong, chivalrous, and one of the bravest Sentiverses of the Purvayus Chronicles. A beacon of belief that, luckily, was also one of Warth's longest lasting allies and the closest thing Warth probably had to a best friend, especially considering the number of times Ryjert had saved them both in a sticky situation. Warth was always amazed at Ryjert's bravery and assuredness, but Ryjert just assured Warth they were lucky and they were never really sure what was gonna happen when they did it – instead opting to believe in their motto: “It's better to expect the worst and be pleasantly surprised, than to expect the best and be severely disappointed.” Unfortunately, the two of them were fighting the nastiest Sentiverse in the cycle – Recumbuc Knuch – who was pure, unadulterated chaos and unpredictability. Which is why Warth found it so weird when their end came off so cliche. After a few centuries of them fighting each other, Recumbuc went to kill Warth, and Ryjert moved in the way of the attack themselves, taking a mortal wound. But when Recumbuc went after Warth again, the dying Ryjert put all the strength they had left into a mortally wounding blow of their own, killing Recumbuc almost instantly. And as Ryjert lay there dying, their last words to Warth before succumbing to their injuries were, “Guess... my luck... ran....”

Cliche to the end, Ryjert was.

And just like that, Warth was the last Sentiverse standing, and as they drifted among the corpses of fallen friends and foes alike, their prize came to them amid a shower of fireworks and celebratory noises, a chest containing instructions as well as a short note:

“To whomever may be reading this note,

Congratulations! Your prize – your fantastic, incredible, amazing reward – is simply the honour of knowing you managed to outlive the rest of your friends and slash or comrades and slash or family and slash or enemies. Good job and toodleoo!

Sincerely, your not actually all that concerned but definitely thoroughly pleased and entertained creator,

Purvay Yoss.”

“What the fucking fuck?” was Warth's first thought, followed by much anger and further expletives. Warth was incensed. This had just been a game to the clearly bored Purvay. Countless Sentiverses were killed for their entertainment and looking over the instructions that had been passed down to them, it seemed that their duties were to tell good stories, not murder each other and enact violence. How many legendary stories and epic tales had gone untold because of their creator's need for entertainment and carnage? Purvay had completely perverted – no pun intended – the goal of the Everchange. Which meant it was Warth's job to put things right and make up for the terrible job that Purvay had done. And so – with much work to do – Warth got right to it.

The Creation And Conception Of The Warthian Chronicles

Prep Phase: The Scavenging

Like any good writer, story teller, or content creator not comfortable with flying by the seat of their pants, Warth knew much planning would be necessary before building the first Sentiverse of their cycle. Which of course first meant collecting resources and taking an inventory of what they had available to use to build the first Sentiverse and anything else they might need. Luckily, as a thorough note take, Warth had made notes of interesting spots in the world and resources, which they planned to go collect. But they also knew – due to the Sentiverses of the Purvarus Chronicles being able to turn themselves into the things needed for their stories and their bodies not going away upon death, that there was an opportunity to harvest them for resources. Obviously, Warth wouldn't be harvesting every corpse they came across – doing so for nine thousand, nine hundred, and ninety nine corpses would be exhausting – but going through their notes, Warth had a number of corpses in mind to check out for potentially interesting resources. After going through the habitat and making notes on both the elements and the Sentiverse corpses they had scavenged, Warth made a list of all of them and their properties that they called Warth's Periodic Table Of Fundamental Story Elements. -------- And now the foundations I am working on are how Warth built their multiverse. :)


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